Thu, Oct-24-02, 14:51
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Forum Founder
Posts: 37,415
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Plan: LC, GF
Stats: 241/190/140
BF:
Progress: 50%
Location: Eastern ON, Canada
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"Ketosis-Lipolysis is not Ketoacidosis"
Quote:
Maria C. Linder is on the faculty at California State University Fullerton, California in the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry. All quotes are from her textbook; "Nutritional Biochemistry and Metabolism: with clinical applications", Maria C. Linder. pages 87-109. Chapter Eight: Nutrition and Metabolism of Protein.
There is a difference between starvation, prolonged fasting and controlled carbohydrate eating. There are similar metabolic mechanisms at work, but the differences are key to understanding the safety and efficacy of controlled carbohydrate diets.
"The whole process of muscle protein catabolism and liver gluconeogenesis is regulated principally by glucocorticosteroids and glucagon and a relative lack of insulin. Early in fasting glycogen reserves are depleted, and protein (mainly from muscle) becomes the major source of carbon for glucose production. Glucose is required in substantial amounts by blood cells and the central nervous system on a daily basis. There is also an initiation of ketone body production by the liver to provide a more water soluble form of fat-derived fuel."
... "A very similar adaption of protein and energy metabolism occurs in persons consuming diets very low in carbohydrates, where there is little or no glycogen reserve. However, in this instance, DIETARY PROTEIN largely or fully SUBSTITUTES for muscle protein in gluconeogenesis.
... "With reduced protein catabolism, urinary nitrogen excretion also declines. And there is a shift from the excretion of urea to a predominance of ammonia loss. This shift toward ammonia versus urea parallels the increased production and excretion of keto acids, and serves to MAINTAIN ACID / BASE BALANCE."
... "A parallel adaptation in the production and excretion of ammonium ions by the kidney neutralizes the increased ketone bodies (principally beta-hydroxybutyric and acetoacetic acids). Without the latter adaptation, such large productions of keto acids would cause a severe ketoacidosis, as well as a loss of large quantities of sodium and potassium ions (accompanying ketones spilled into the urine) Therefore, unless one is an insulin dependent diabetic or literally starving TO DEATH due to a lack of food, there is little or no danger from ketosis which is not characterized by a simultaneous RISE IN BLOOD GLUCOSE and BLOOD ACIDITY "
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full article can be viewed at http://www.lowcarb.org/ketosis.html
Doreen
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